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1) "Bronze" -- As to bronze foundries 1bronze Pronunciation: 'bränz Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): bronzed; bronz·ing : to give the appearance of bronze to <a bronzed sculpture>; also : TAN 2 - bronz·er noun Pronunciation Symbols Assorted ancient Bronze castings found as part of a cache, probably intended for recycling. - For the record label, see Bronze Records
Bronze is any of a broad range of copper alloys, usually with tin as the main additive, but sometimes with other elements such as phosphorus, manganese, aluminium, or silicon. (See table below.) It is strong and tough and has myriad uses in industry. It was particularly significant in antiquity, giving its name to the Bronze Age. - 1 History
- 2 Properties
- 3 Classification of copper and its alloys
- 4 See also
- 5 External links
- 6 References
| The introduction of bronze was significant to any civilization that encountered it. Tools, weapons, armor, and various building materials like decorative tiles made of bronze were harder and more durable than their stone and copper ("Chalcolithic") predecessors. In early use, the natural impurity arsenic sometimes created a superior natural alloy; this is termed arsenical bronze (of which Ötzi the Iceman's axe is an example). The earliest tin-alloy bronzes date to the late 4th millennium BC in Susa (Iran) and some ancient sites in Luristan (Iran) and Mesopotamia (Iraq). While copper and tin can naturally co-occur, the two ores are rarely found together (although one ancient site in Thailand and one in Iran provide counterexamples). Serious bronze work has therefore always involved trade (and the compelling idea that there were really traders in such goods). In fact, archaeologists suspect that a serious disruption of the tin trade precipitated the transition to the Iron Age. In Europe, the major source for tin was Great Britain, where significant deposits of ore could be found in Cornwall. Phoenician traders visited Great Britain to trade goods from the Mediterranean for tin. Bronze was stronger than the era's iron; quality steels were not widely available until t..."
2) "Foundries" -- As to bronze foundries found·ry Pronunciation: 'faun-drE Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural foundries 1 : an establishment where founding is carried on 2 : the act, process, or art of casting metals Pronunciation Symbols A foundry is a factory which produces castings of metal, both ferrous and non-ferrous. Metals are processed by melting, pouring, and casting. Iron is the most common base element processed in a modern foundry. However, other metals, such as aluminium, copper, tin, and zinc, can be processed. - 1 Melting
- 2 Pouring
- 3 Casting
- 4 Advantages
- 5 External links
| Melting is performed in a furnace. Virgin material, external scrap and/or internal scrap are used to charge the furnace. Virgin material refers to raw materials that are single or limited elements such as nickel or ferro alloys or ingots of standard alloys. External scrap is left over from forming processes such as punching, forging or machining. Internal scrap consists of the gates and risers removed from castings. The process includes melting the charge, refining the melt, adjusting the melt chemistry and tapping into a transport vessel. Refining is done to remove deleterious gases and elements from the final chemistry. Material is added during the melting process to bring the final chemistry within a specific range specified by industry standards and/or internal aims. During the tap final chemistry adjustments are made and material is added to remove gases. -
Worker in a Foundry. Furnaces are refractory lined vessels that contain the material to be melted and provide the energy to melt it. Modern furnace types include Electric arc furnaces (EAF), Induction furnaces and channel furnaces. Furnace choice is dependent on the grade and quantities produced. Furnace design is a complex process, and the design can be optimized based on multiple factors. Furnaces in foundries can be any size, ranging from mere ounces to hundreds of tons, and they are designed according to the type of metals that are to be melted. Also, furnaces are bound by the fuel available t..."
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Regularly Occuring Typos with bronze foundries include: rbonze bornze brnoze brozne bronez ronze bonze brnze broze brone bronz vronze nronze gronze hronze beonze bdonze bfonze btonze brinze brknze brlnze brpnze branze brenze brunze brobze brohze brojze bromze bronae bronse bronxe bronzw bronzs bronzd bronzr bronza bronzi bronzo bronzu ofundries fuondries fonudries foudnries founrdies foundires foundreis foundrise oundries fundries fondries foudries founries foundies foundres foundris foundrie roundries doundries coundries voundries goundries fiundries fkundries flundries fpundries faundries feundries fuundries foyndries fojndries foindries foandries foendries foondries foubdries fouhdries foujdries foumdries founsries founxries founcries founfries founeries fountries foundeies founddies foundfies foundties foundrues foundrkes foundroes foundraes foundrees foundrues foundriws foundriss foundrids foundrirs foundrias foundriis foundrios foundrius foundriea foundriew foundried foundriex foundriez
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